Planodraph co



gy F916 44! Z H. WHITING.

comemsn TYPE wnnms AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 13. 1915.

1,308,133. Patented July 1, 1919.

6 SHEETS-SHEET l.

TH! COLUMBIA PLAROGRAPH C0,, WASHINUTON. o.

H. WHITI NG.

COMBINED TYPE WRIHNG AND COMPU'IING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED mm. 13. I915.

1,308,1 33, Patented July 1, 1919.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

m wax m: cmunam Pl-ANOKIRAPII 00.. wAsnmuNN, n. c.

H. WHITING.

COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND commune MACHINE.

APPLICATION HLED MAR-13. I915- Pafented July 1, 1919.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

\N \QQ S imus nu Hun.

i ii i 2 i s I N V E N T 0 R: g 1% y BY ATTORNEY.

H-.. ag ing l l 0 l l Ill THE em kam PLANOGHAPH cm. wAsumnvou. u.

H. WHITING.

COMBINED TYPE wnnms AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. I3. I915- 1,308,1 33. Patented July 1, 1919.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

of 1 I Q o Q wmuzssss: Q Q kg K mv EN oR aw/Mai;

BY ATTO FMEY.

H. WHITING. COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR.13. lsls.

Patented July 1, 1919.

ESHEETS-SHEET 5,

INVENTOB:

AFE'VFOR EY.

H; WHIHNG.

COMBINED TYPE wRmNG AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLHZATION HLED MAR. 13, 1915- Patented July 1, 1919.

6 SHEETSSHEET 6.

INVENTUR:

ATTOR EY.

WESSES: 19W

UTUTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HORATIO WHITING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T0

UNDERWOOD COMPUTING MACHINE COMPANY,

RATION OF NEW YORK.

OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPO- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 1, 1.919.

Application filed March 13, 1915. Serial Nov 14,061.

To (/71 whom it may concern in it known that I, ITORAIIU \VnrnNe, a. citizen of the United States, residing in New York city. in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented rertaiu new and useful Improvements in Com lill'lttl ilype lvriting and Computing Machine ot \Vhlt 11 the following is a s 'iecificanon.

The invention relates to a combined typeuritiug; and computing machine of the l udern'oml-llauson"type. and more especiaily to the control ofthecharacterot computat on carried on by the computing mechanism from the computing mechanism itself.

in a machine of this character. computing is generally carried on in a number of zones, and it is desirahle to change the character of computatioii from zone to zone to correspond with the requirements of the particular Work being done. For example, it may he desired to add an item in one or more computingheads or totalizers in one column or zone. and in the next column or zone subtract an item in the same or another compitting head. It may he desirable also to siinultaneonslr add and subtract the same item for the same zone in two or more ditt'erent computing heads.

For a gi \en type of WOIk a given sequence of different computations is generally repeated over and over again for each successire line. This requires then a predetermined sequence or succession of difl'orent types 01" computation for one or more computing heads. It is desirable that it be controlled automatically so that the attention oi the operative will not he called away from the work at hand, so that it Will he merely neeessaia to strike the numeral keys,

copying the numbers in the various columns or zones where they Will he automatically l'f/Dti'i'lliijflfl and computed as required.

A. feature. therefore, of this invention is to provide a plurality of computing heads, in the present instance three heing shown. with an automatic arrangement -for controlling the states or character of computation carried on by said compnting'heads for a cries of zones or columns and according to a predetermined seqi'ience or order. Inasinu h as the general operator for the coin put'ng mecl'umism isoperated each time a computation is run up, and may be operated for every computing zone or column. use is made of the general operator to actuate or drive the state-controlling mechanism.

The state-controlling mechanism may he arranged and rearranged to suit the number of zones or computing columns to he used for any given character of work. In the pre ent instance, it consists of a control disk tor each computing head. having a series of slots therein. one for each zone. in these slots may he placed tappcts diti'crentl e. ttending for suhtractinp and tor neutral. a lilauk spate being left when it is merely intended to add in a given zone for a. given computing head. The series ot disks are mounted for a common rotation step by step corresponding to the change Zone by zone for each actuation of the general operator. This enahl s a change in state if desired in one of the computing heads or all of them otter each computation is run up. The disks will he the same for all computing heads for a given character of Work. The number of slots in the disks used will he the same as the numher of computing Zones or a n'iultiple thereof. The disks are driven from the general operator rariahle amounts iurersely proportional to the number of zones so as to complete a rotation with the completion of a c rcle of zones. Thus it there are to he nine Zones. the disks having nine slots will he used. and will he ad 'anced one-ninth of a revolution at each actuation of the general operator. This is accomplished by proriding an adjustable striker or tappet on the general operator which may he variously placed so as to give different driving movements of the different disks. to Wit. the nine-slot disks and a ninth of a revolution for nine zones; the eight-slot disks and an eighth for eight zones; the seven-slot disks and a seventh for seven zones. and so on.

By the use of common denominators, the number of different types of disks may he limited to five, having, respectively. nine. eight. seven, six, and five slots. If a lesser number of Zones is required, say tour. every other slot may he used in the eight-slot disks. and the series ot disks given a quarter of a rotaiiou For each operation of the general operator, instead of an eighth. It only three zones are needed, either the nin6-slbtt dlslw may he used, using every third slot, or the six-slot disks used, and rotating the disks :1 third of it revolution at a time.

The rotation of the disks is controlled from the e'eneral operator. There is proided a dill'erential driving connection so as to drive the eriesot st-at econtrolling disks step by step with each operation of the gcueratt operator, vatrinlble amounts according to the number of zones for a given series of computing operations.

In order that the state-controlling mechanism may indicate which Zone is in play at any given time, n zone-indicator is provided, which will be driven from the state-controlling mechanism. Inasmuch us, however, the state-controlling mechanism varies in its extent of movement for ditl'erent numbers of Zones in a series of predetermined computing operations, the drive is :trrunged so that it will move the zone-imlicator a step for each step of movement of the zone controller no matter how great the nutgnitude of the latter movement ma be. This, then, will indicate the succe si've zones in action whether there be one, two, five, or :1 greater number. When the state-controlling shaft has completed its rotation and thus completed the series of stutes which it controls for a given group of computing operations, the zone-indieator will be automatically tripped and returned to its starting position by means of a tension spring so tlrit it will be free to come in s vnchronism with the state-controlling mechanism as the letter starts a new series of predetermined computing states.

Under certain circumstances it is not desirable to have the statecontrolling-mechnnism operate every time the general operator is actuated. One instance is Where an error has been committed and it is desired to actuate the general operator, as, for example, when one or more of the computing units are set for subtraction. The error key is so connected that when actuated it will silence the drive to the state-controllingmeehanism, so that the letter remains in stem goo, whereby the computing units will remain in the same states for the zones for which they were previously set. The drive to the staite-controlling-mechttnism can who be silenced at will in case it is desired to prevent a change in the state-controllingmechanism at times other than when the. error key is operated.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a vertical section taken from front to rear. with parts omitted for the sake of simplicity, and showing the general relation of the tvpewriting mechanism to the iomputing mechanism.

Fig. 2 is 2! h rizontal section showing the three computing units in a general way and the common mechanism for selectively settin g up w eon-i puta'tion t or n ny or all of them.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section From 'l rout to rear through the. computing casing, sluuvinp; one oi the: compi'lting units as set for subtraction by the stutecontrolling disk therefor.

Fig. 4 is a. vertical section taken from front to rear showing the driver for the state-controlling i'nechanism as having advanced its full length forward idly and about to he returned to actively drive. the. state-controlling mechanism, which latter is set for but two computing zones. The suhtraction-setting mechunisn'i is shown us having been over-primed and caught by a supplementary latch so as to he caught. subsequentlv by the latch control from the state controlling mechanism after the general op era tor has come. to rest.

Fig. 5 is 21 detail view of one of the tan pet's which has n lug which may be Dr. jected to one side or the other accordion to whether it is to control n. subtracting or a neutral operation for the computing: unit of the disk in which it is located.

Figs. 6 and 7 are views of it six slot disk which may he used to control. six, three. or two computing zones.

Fig. 8 is a detail vertical section showing the means for detachably locking :1 disk on the controller shaft and the method of l lacinn one of the tappets in one of the slots in the disk.

Fig. 9 is a detail section showing the one way-driving clutch connection to the state controlling shat-t.

Fig. 10 is a vertical detail section taken from front to rear. showing how the statecontrolling mechanism mav be silenced :it will, or from the error key. and in this particular instance the manual lever is shown to have actuated to silence the state-eontrolling mechanism.

Fig. 11 is a View similar to Fig. 10, except that the error kev has been actuated to correct an error and to silence the state-eontrolling mechanism.

Fig. 12 is a vertical section taken from front to rear, showing the ports of one at the computing units in normal position ready to perform an adding operation.

Figs. 13, 14: and 15 are details of the mechanism for silencing the drive to the state-controlling. mechanism, so as to prevent a change therein.

Fig. 16 is a skeleton perspective view showing the relation of the various control sets of the state-controlling mechanism to the controlling elements of the three computing units or heads, and the relation of all control sets with the common drive.

it t) lt tl lliJi .llti

Fig. 17 is a detail section showing the means for translating the variable step movements of the state-controlling shal't to the zone indicator.

Fig. 18 is a detail. section showing the clutch which forms the connecting link of part ot the mechanism shown in Fig. 17.

Fig. 19 is a vertical section taken at right angles to Figs. 17 and 18, showing the same mechanism and showing the clutch held in its active position so as to term a positive driving connection.

Figs. to 23 in order show successive positions of the driving mechanism from the state-controlling mechanism to the zone-indicator, whereby ditterent extents of move ments of the former may be transmittial into a given extent of movement of the latter, and thus turn up a new zone for each step in. a cycle of movements of the state-controlling mechanism even though the latter vary for dilierent numbers of zones in a cycle.

Fin. 2% is a view of the parts shown in Figs. :20 to and illustrating how the zoneindicator is rel used at the end of a cycle of computing zones to enable the same to return automaticallv to its initial position correspending to the first computing zone.

Fig. is a rear view in elevation partly in section, showing the means for silencing the various computing units.

Fig. 26 is a diagrammatic assembled view of the several different types of controlling disks which may be used in the state-m di olling mechanism. they having in the present instance anywhere from five to nine slots to take care of anywhere from one to nine zones.

The invention is shown as applied to the well-known Underwood-Hanson combined typewriting and computing machine in which numeral keys 1 depress key-levers E2. to rock bell cranks 3. so as to swing typebars 5 up rearwardly against the front side of a platen 6 mounted to rotate in a carriage 7. The carriage 7 has the usual step-by-step feeding movement under the control of an escapen'ient mechanism indicated n general at 8, which is actuated at the operation of any of the keys by means of heels 9 pr vided on all of the type-bars. The carriage 7 may also he jumped. from column to column or zone to zone by tahulating mechanism indicated in general at 10.

The numeral keys 1 in addition to controlling the. typewriting mechanism, control the computing mechanism. and for this purpose. each of the numeral keys from 1 to 9 is provided with a pendent thrust link 11, arranged to engage an arm 12 on a rock shaft 13. There is one of these arms 12 and rock shafts 13 for each numeral key from 1 to 9, and in the present instance they each operate a mastcnlinkage 1-1.

In the present instance three computing units are provided including computing heads A, l3 and (I (Fig. Each computing head is provided with a series oi computing wheels 15, which are arranged to exhibit the munbcrs run up thereon through sight openings lti in the computing casing 17. The wheels 15 are driven in the usual manner through the intermediary oi oneway-acting gears 18 driven by racks If) on denominational or order bars 20. The or dcr bars 20 are provided with the usual pins 21 settable to determine the extent of movement of their respective order bars. The pins 21 are settablc indirectly from the inas tcr linkages Ill at the str king of related numeral keys 1. These pins may be set when adding according to the direct values of the numeral keys actuated. and when subtract in; according to the eomplen:entary values.

There are a number of computing units. in this case. three. and it is sometimes dcsin able to compute on one computing un t whilc one or both of the others may be silent, and it is also sometimes desirable to add on one computing unit while subtracting on another computing unit, uhile the third computing unit may either be subtracting or be silent. To enable this variation in the activity of the several computing units. they are each provided with a secondary set ot setting linkages or indexing devices 22. which may be rendered subservient to the master set of setting linkages 14 in one way or another according to the character of computation desired for any pirticular computing unit. This syst m of a master set of setting link: ges and a plurality oi individual subservient sets o't' .ctting linkages in itself form no part of the present invention. so that details of it will not be described at this point: reference may be had. however. to a co-pending application of Richard M. Becker, No. 7873.307. filed Jul 31, 1913, for details of the working of the same.

It will be sufficient. therefore. to say that each secondary setting linkage includes a series of shafts 23 (Fig. 2). which are pro vided with two sets of arms 24, each set alternating in its action for addition and subtraction res 'iectively. hen adding. the arms connect up the secondary linkages to the master or primary linkages in such a Way that the direct values of the numeral keys actuated will be set up in the nest of pins 21 for corresponding movements of their associated denominational bars 20. lVhcn subtracting, however, the other set of arms comes into play and connects up the master setting linkages with the secondary set of setting linkages for a particular computing unit, so that the pins will be set to give movements of the rack bars 20 according with the complementary values of the numeral keys actuated, using nine as a base.

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too

To efiect the change in the activity from one of the series ot arms 24 to the other series of arms 21-. for each individual computing unit. the shafts 23 are moved bodily in unison by a shit'ter .lhere is one 0t these shifters for each eompl'rting unit, so that the change is individual for each coniputiug unit.

No matter which way the secondary setting linkages 22 are. connected up to the master setting linkages 14. the nest of pins 21 normally lies beyond the range of the secondary setting linkages 22, but are brought denomination by denomination within range thereol to correspond with the. particular denomination or order beingtypewritten in.

To thus synchronize the action of tho computing mechanism to that of tho typewriting mechanism. there is adjustably mounted on the carriage 7. at zonal intervals. tappcts 36. which normally remain. in a depress d position out of reach of a series of nests oi jacks 27. one nest for each computing unit A. B and \Vhen, however, one or more of the tappcts come into a compitting zone or zones. a zone-controlling roller 28. one for each computing unit. engages a follower roller 29 and cams the tappet 38 up to a position such that a. one-wayacting dog 30 thereon will engage and raise each one of the jacks 2T scm'afm. The jacks 97 are pivoted intermediate their ends so that their rear ends will depress thrust links 31 to rock le\ers 3) operating transphtiitimi linkages 3 3.- which in turn operate the denominational or order members 20 one by one to brin the pins 21 thereon within the range of the secondary setting linkages Q2. The t ansposition linkages are of a. type such that the successive operations of the jacks 27 which progress from right to left corresponding with the travel of the can rings 7, will be inverted to operate or bring into action a series of denominational order members 20 successively from left to right to correspond with the progression of the computation.

Each of the zone controllers 28 is floatingly mounted by means of a frame 34 on a shaft 35. They are normally held in a position to operate the tappets 26 as they come along into the range or zone of a computing unit, by means of springs 36. This then would give, under normal conditions, an ac tivity of each computing unit for every zone. for which provision has been made by the placement of one of the tappets 26. This would mean that all computing units would add if all zone controllers 28 were in action and none of the computing units were set for subtraction.

It is desirable, however, at times to silence or neutralize one or more of the computing units. To do this, each ofthe controllers 28 is movable against the tension of its spring ao-eras 36, to an inactive position in which no mat tcr whether a tappet 29 comes into the field oi the jacks 30, it will not be raised to operate them. For this purpose, each of the frames 34 is provided with an arm 37 coniieeted to be operated by a link 38 (Fig. 25 Each link 38 is connected to be rocked by a bell crank 39 (Fig. 10), which in turn is operated by a non-add or neutralizing bar 40. The bars 40 may be operated by hand. but are also operable automatically according to a. predetermined sequence in a manner to be presently described.

To go back to the subtraction-setting mechanism, 't'or each of the computing units A. B and there is provided one of the shifters 25. which, it will be remen'ibercd. changed the position of the shafts 23 to re arrange the operating relation of the sec ondary linkages from the primary linkages, so that the former would set the pins 21 ac cording to the complementary values of the numeral keys actuated. The shifter 25 in each case provided with an arm ll. which in turn is operated by an arm 42 of a bell crank 43, having a )in-and-slot connection 44 with a subtraction bar or rod 45. It will be noted that the relation of the arms 41 and 42 is such that they form a toggle. which when the subtraction rod 45 is forced rear wardlv, will lock in the manner shown in F g. 3. holding the shifter 25 for the assoeiat 'l computing unit in its subtractioir position. The various other func tions essential to a complementary subtraction are performed at the same time that the shifter :25 is actuated. For example, the 9 pins on all orders of a computing head set. for subtraction, are set.

To do this, each of the subtraction rods 45 is provided with an act-and-trip mechanism 46, similar to that shown in a eo-pending application of John N. Thornton No. 769,132, filed May 22, 1913 (now Patent No. 1,283,360, dated October 29, 1918), which simultaneously raises all of the denominational or order bars 20 for the computing units, and sets the 9 pins by a depression of a bail 47. The action is such that the bail sets the 9 pins, and then returns to a cleared position as the subtraction bar d5 goes to its completely actuated position. The subtraction bar 45 in each. instance is operated by a spring 48, which is normally under a tension tending to operate its associated subtraction bar and the mechanism connected thereto. However, such action is generally prevented by a latch 49, which engages a notch. or shoulder 50 in the asso ciated subtraction rod. When it is desired to have a particular computing unit sub tract, this latch 49 is tripped, permitting the spring; 48 to act and set the mechanism for subtraction. The latch 49 is provided with an arm 51 operable by a subtraction key 52,

which extends to the front of the machine, where, i f desired, it may be operated manually.

All of the computing units A, 13 and (l are driven by a common general operator 53, which is arranged to drive the order members 20 of such of the computing units as are active, and amounts corresponding to the particnla r pins set up thereon, whether these pins havr been set for addition or subtraction. The general operator acts as in the case of application No. 782,307 above men tioned. and is provided with a cross bar 54, which on the forward stroke of the general operator, engages all of the pins which hap pen to be set, and drives the rack hars 20 corresponding amounts. This motion is transmitted in the usual way to the computing wheels 15. If any computing unit is subtracting, such of the con'iputing, Wheels as have not had a digit struck therefor, will be rotated nine points, and then have 1 carried thereto. so as to give the correct subtraction by a coniplementary action. At the operation of the general operator such of the springs 48 as may have acted to set the associated computing unit for subtraction, will be re-tensioned, and the subtraction mechanism returned to its normal. dormant position so that the associated computing unit may add at the next actuation of the mechanism. if not otherwise rendered dormant or again set for subtraction.

To restore the subtraction rod 45 and the associated parts so that the same will he primed to come into play for a new subtraction operation. the cross bar engages a lug provided on this subtraction rod 45. and draws the same forward against the tension of the spring 48 near the end of the forward movement of the general operator The subtraction rod 45 is over-set in each instance a slight amount for purposes to be explained hereinafter, in Which over-set position it is caught by a supplementary springpressed latch 56, which engages a notch or shoulder 57 provided in the associated subtraction rod 45. This action enables the normal or main latch 49 to be in its disconnected position, While the supplementary latch 56 holds the subtraction rod 45 until such time as the normal latch 49 can come into its locking position. This will occur at the end of the return. stroke of the general operator, at which time the supplementary latch 56 may he tripped by the cross bar 54 coming into engagement with an arm 58. and releasing the latch 56 against the tension of its spring 59. which normally tends to draw it into an effective position.

The general operator performs the many functions usual in this type of machine. which will not be gone into in detail. and for further description of which reference may be had to an application of Hans Hanson, No. (1150.550, filed May ll. lfilll (now Patent No. 1,278,812. dated September [(J. 1018). The general operator may be driven in any suitable way either by hand or by a. motor (it). from which it is normally disconnected by a broken train of gearing ineluding a sinole-actingclutch (ii of the tvpe shown in the patent to Frederick A. llart, No. 1.190233, dated July 4, 1916. The action of this mechanism will not be gone into in detail. Sullicient is to say that if a stop (3! is raised clear of a big 63. the clutch (31 will automatically connect itself for one revolu tion to give one back-aml-forth cycle of movement of the general operator 53. The stop 62 may be manipulated in any suitable Way. as by means of a lever 64 operated by a link 65, which may be operated by a key to.

It has thus far been shown how a plural ity of computing units may be subservient to a single set of numeral keys to such an c.\- tent that any or all of them may be called into action at the same time to compute. the same numbers, and to compute them either for addition or for subtraction. Inasmuch as for a given piece of work, the activity and character of activity carried on by the several computing heads will he the same and in a )1'cdetermincd sequence for each line or group of computations, it hence a feature of the present invention to relieve the operative of the necessity of setting each computing unit for its different states every time there is a change made, and to do the same automatically. Inasmuch as the general op erator is generally and may at all times be operated for each new computing zone or column. use is made of the general operalor to advance step by step a state-coalrolling mechanism. which for each new Zone is an ranged to determine the individual states. that is, the activity and character of activity of each computing unit therein.

It has been shown how the computing units are normally in a condition to add. and how they may be iiulividually set for subtraction by an operation of the associated subtraction rod 45. It has also been shown how each computing unit may be individually silenced for any particular zone by moving its zone controller 99 to a. depressed and inactive position.

Inasmuch as the nllimatecrmtrol forthesubtraction-setting mechanism in each instance is its subtraction keyfilandtheultimateeontrel for the neutralizing or silencing mechanism is the non-add bar 4-0. the automatic state-controllino mechanisun is arranged to operate these parts according to a. predetermined scqnence for lhe seieral computing units asthe con1putingand'typewritingr lilktfll anism advances zone by zone. l n the embed ied arrangement for doing this. a staiwco trolling shaft 67 is provided. which is given an :ulrancement or fractional turn for mini.

change in zone, so thal at tho ond ol a ovcl ol Zones or computing operations. it; will have returned to its original starting point. The magnitude of the step of advanoonu-ut oF tho shaft (17 will vary according to the number of zones in a crolo. 'lho cvele may ho a lino of writing and computing, which may include anywhoro from one to nine t'id umns or yours in tho present embodiment of tho machine. although the number of Zones may he inoreasod if desired.

Un the shaft (37. thcro aro proridcd a plu ralitv of individual controllers in the form ol' disks (3%. one for each computiu; unit. The disks (38 have a number of slots (it) ('rn responding to the number of mines or a multiple thoroof which are to he used for any given computing work. For examp'lo. il' th io are nine. eight. seven. six, or lire pom paling zones. the disks will have. ro poo tiroly. nine. eight. seven. six. and tivo alota. ll more of lesser numh r are to ho provided for. the same disks mar ho usod aooordino; to tho uumhor ol zone That is. it four zonoa al'o Hooded. tho oight slot disks nur ho used: it throo zonos. tho qivslot or nine-slot disks; if two zones. the eighbslot disks. and (illo one. any of the disks. The shaft (37. how-- cvor. rotated according to tho nulnbor of zones, and not necessarily according to the number of slots (if) on the disks.

The slots 69, while thev indicate the stop pin or zonal points of the state-controlling mechanism, as a. whole are for the purpose of providing locating and attaching points for tappcts 70. which are arranged to open ate tho subtrzu'lion key 52 or the nonadd lt'oy or neutralizing rod 40. Tho. tamiot may he formed as shown in Fig. 5. with an oxtonsion Tl projecting from one aido then of. if this tappot is placed in a slot (if) with tho extension 7] projecting; l'rom tho left. as in Fig. 1.6. in connection with computiug unit (7, it will engage a pin 72 When the computing mechanism comes to the zone corresponding. to this tappet. and will rock a hell crank 73. so that/an arm 74 thereof will engage a pin 75 on the subtraction key 52 and force the same rea-rWardly against the tension of a spring: 76. The suhtrao tion key 52 when moved rearwardlv in this manner. it will be remembered. will trip the latch ll permitting tho spring 48 to oper: ate to set the mechanism of the associated computing unit for subtraction.

If one of the tappets T0 is set in the reverse position to that just mentioned. with the extension 71 projecting toward the right. as the tappet shown on the disk 68 for the computing unit 13, it Will he in a neutral controlling poration to engage a pin 77 on a bell crank 78. one arm 79 of which is connected to force rearwardly the neutral rod 40. thereby withdrawing the zone controller 28 for the particular computing unit having a tappot so sot. thereby noutralizimo; or silencing that computing unit fo tho xono correspondin to tho slot in \\'lllt'll the tappct 7H is sot l'oi' neutral.

lua:--muol as lhoio is a disk (38 ndicated at UH. (38" and lid, for each oltho compitting; units A. It and the tappot 7 will ho sot in the several slots therool' in dill'orent arrangement or not at all according! to whether it is desired to have subtracting or noutral conditions. or an adding condition. That is to any, it there is no lappotat all in tho slots the computing unit, will add who the disk brings such a slot around to the ac ti\'o point (:orrospomlino' to the computing zone or column in action. If. honover, tho. tappot 70 is not protecting toward the left, when it comes around to tho aotivo point. it nil] opcrato the associated lover Til to trip tho associated SlllJiltlt'tlUlPHllililQ morh auism for that particular computing unit. It. houcror. tho tappul To is sot with tho o.\ tension proioctimc toward tho right. it will control a neutral condition of tho associated con'lputin r unit \vhon this tappot ("Jliios around to tho active point corrospondiin: to the computing Zone in ("a-sax In order that the disks ($8 may be readily changed in case the character of work is de sired to be changed, they are detaehably mounted on the shaft 67 and can be substituted one for the other. For this purpose. each of the disks 68 is provided with a slot 80 by means of which it may he slid on and otf squarcd portions 81 of the shaft 67. To detaehably lock each disk in position, a yielding spring-pressed ball latch 82 is provided. which ei'igages a slit or soeket 83 provided at a proper point in the disk. The casing 17 is provided with a hinged cover St to permit access to the Sl'tlttkGUlltl'OlllNg mechanism either to change the relation of the tappets 70 or to change the disks 68 as a whole and. substitute other disks With greater or less numbers of slots for different numbers of computing zones.

To vary the drive of the shaft 67 to correspond With the number of zones and thus slots 69, the shaft 67 is driven from the general operator at each operation thereof, and a fraction of a revolution corresponding to the number of zones. To do this, the shaft 67 is provided with a gear 85 l'llGSlliIlg with a rack 86 on a bar 87. The bar 87 is normally held in its normal position by a spring 88. .The movement of the bar 87, under the impulse of the sprin 88, does not, however, cause the gear 85 to rive the shaft 67, as this gear has a one-Way-aeting ha11- clutch connection .89 (Fig. 9), which permits the gear 85 to rotate idly with respect to the shaft 67 on the forward stroke of the bar 87, but to drive the latter on the rearward stroke. The rearward stroke of the bar 87 varies with the number of zones. That is to fl (I say, the general operator passes idly hy the liar 87 on its forward stroke, and operates the same on its rearward stroke and then es apes, permitting the spring 88 to return the bar 87 to its normal position.

To get the variable drive oi the har 87, it is provided with a series of slots 90 9U, 9t) SH), SH), 90 90, tit) and 90 corresponding, respectively, to the number of zones to he used} and also inve1':-ely to the traction of driving movement of the shaft (37 hy the bar HT. That is to say, ii We place a tappet )1 in the 90 slot, the shaft (37 will he driven a ninth ol a revolution. If the tappet is placed in the 90 slot, it will be driven an eighth of a revolution; in the 90 slot, a seventh of a ri'wolution, and so on down to it complete revolution when placed in the 90 slot. The first few of the slots 90, 90 90 are staggered with respect to each other he cause of their close proximity. The tappet 9] lies in the path of movement of a dog 92 pivotallv mounted on one of the side ha rs ot the general operator 5?. This dog 5)? is normally held down to an active position lo a spring 93. As it moves forward however., the tappet 91 merely cams it up idly without being driven therefrom. 0n the return stroke ot' the general operator, however. the end of the dog 92 comes into engagement with the tappet 91 and moves the rack bar 87 rearwardlv against the tension of the spring 88. The amount of movement depends on the position of the tappet. If it is far forward in the 90 slot, it will move the rack bar 87 sufliciently to drive the shaft 7 a complete revolution. If, however, it is in the 90 slot away hack, it will merely move the rack bar 87 a suflicient distance to rotate the sl'iaft 77 a ninth of a revolution. The dog it] is tripped automatically by a stationary rain or disconneetor 94 engaging a pin 95 provided on the dog. This permits the tappet 91 to escape therefrom when the requisite rotation of the shaft 67 has been ohtained.

Under certain conditions it may be desirahle to siience the state-controlling mecha nism. ()ne of these conditions is when an error has been committed, and it is desired to correct this error and then compute again in the same zone. This correction may necessitate an actuation of the general operator as in case one of the computing units is set for substraetion and has to be re-set. Arrangement is therefore made wherein when the error key. indicated at 96, is operated, it will silence the drive to the stateeontrolling mechanism so that there will he no change in. the setting of the states of the computing units,

The error key acts in the usual manner common to this type of machine, to rock a hell crank 97, which actuatesq among other things, a pin-restoring plate 98. The bell crank 97 is secured to a shaft SH) :ii.d rocks the ame. This shall Elli is providi d with an arm 100 connected to a throttle llllr having a hook 103 to engage over a log 10; proided on the dog U2. The throttle ltll can also he oprrated independent of the error key 5N3 h v menus ot a handle lll 'l which has a lost-motion connection IUD with the throttle 1131 permitting the error kev to operate the throttle without disturhing the handle UH. When the throttle 'l'll is opera ed from either of these sources. the hook 102 draws on the lug lllii, so as to rock the dog 92 ahout its pivot until a latch 106 is i'orced hy a spring; 1-)? into engagement with the pin J5 prov ded on the dog 92, so that the dog 2 will he held in its raised position free and clear of the disconnertor f and lkyllllti reach ol the tnppel 91 on the bar RT. it will thus he seen that when the dog 92 is held in this position the general tptiitl l can he reciproraled without driving! the ra k liar R7 and thus without operating! the state-controiling mechanisisi, so that there i?! he no han g'c in the selling oi the states of the various computing units.

n the retnrn oi the general operatoi: the latch hit} is automatically tripped to release the dog; 92 and permit it to come down to a resting position on the diseennector SH where it will once more he cnpahle of coming into play on a subsequent action oi the generul operator. The trippingof the lat h ltlfi is taken care of hv a one nay-acting trip 10% wh ch pivots v eldinglfv :ipainst the tens on of a spring ltiti duringf th torward moti n of the latch 10G, hut on the return motion oi the latch 1 0 w th. the general operator, a pin-and-stop onnection lltl IUIHKH int oliv to hold the trip l t? rigid in order to insure an actuation of the gen oral operator when the silencing m han n for the state oniroliinn' m chanism s hrou- 'ht into ln" either from the error km. or the hand lever i there is rovided n the shai't 99. a starting! arm 11 1. having" a (m'i\1yt1 i'll25; dog? lli! thereon, which is ripjid with the arm 1.11 d irinp; a down strokrx so as to operate the stopontrollinglever til. The dog ll? pivots idl'r against the tension of a spring H3 on the return stroke of the arm 1 so as to permit it to clear the lever (i l.

Inasmuch as the statecmitrollin meclri nism is prer'crahlv laced with n the computing casing 17. where it cannot he readily tampered with or alteredr it is dcsiral le to have some outside means of indicatingwhat particula none in a given series oi computing zones or columns is in service a any particular instant For this purpose there is loosclv mounted on a portion of the shatt 67 which extends outside of the casiusr 17 an indicator .14 (Figs. 16 to 2H, in the form n! a wheel having a series of digits from 1 to iii] "5)" 1111 1111- p1 1'ipl11 r 1111 1 1 111.1-1111-1 sp11111I111g 11. 111111-1'1111111111i11g1211111 11. 'll11 1111111111111 111 does 11111. 111111 1 exactly wilh 11111 shall 1T. 11s 1111 1111 11 1 solneti nrs 11111111 11 :1 1 11111|1l t11 1'1 11 111111111 1111' 11111 or two 7.11111 1 111111 111111eli1111-s 1111' 11111 2111112 while the indicator inlist 1111111 ste 111' step 1-1-or1|i11; to the zones 111111 11111 :1111-111-1l'11u51o 1111 11111;);111111111 111111111 1111 11 111' 1111 shalt 13?.

'111 1111111111 1111 dilh-rential 11111 '1 1111 111. 1 111- 1111111111111 11- 1 is provided with :1 one wuy- 11 111151 1 21111 111 1 11111 .11 1111. \1'l1i1 l1 is to be 1 113111111 1] 111111 11111'1111 b1 :1 11111111111 throw 11 1'111' 1111 having a s 11'111g-1et11a1e11 puwl 117 to engage 1111 ratchet wheel 115. Normally, 1111 1l1-li11i11 1l11'o1\' 101'1 1'111'1 111111 itspawl 117 is clear of 1111 1111111111 11 111 1 1 115. 11s in Fig. 21. It is arranged. however. at 11 rotation of 1111 shaft (171 to 111 111 1111 1111 into 1 111111111 1111 111 wiih 1 111 rat het wheel 1'15. and 1111 61111 1 the 1 11111111111 111- 1111\ 111's the same 1111111 11'. 111111 s. the distance l1111w1 1 11 1W1) 1lja1-1 111 digit on 1111 periphery 11111 1 111. 11s 111-1\\'1 1 11 l' 111111 :3. *2 111111 "3,11111lsoo11. The 11111'11111 1 1111 111 111' 1111 111111 111111 111 is annins 1111 tension of :1 spiral spring: 1151. which s scrured at one end to the indicator 111 and at the other end to a fixed hracket 1111. At each adraneen1e11t of the in1'licutor 111. it is caughtl'1 v a spring-pressed detent 121' acting in a notched or lock wheel 121 1111-1111 11 on one of the side faces of the in1li- ('ator 1111.

To translate the variable extents 01'? move- 111111'11 of 1110 shaft (17 into a definite movement of the indicator 11.1 and the 11 1111 111', 1111 actuator 122 is arranged in engage and operate the lever 11G :11 each 111111'1 1111 111. ol' the shaft (17. The actuator is shown in 1111 1111-111 111' 1 lever eneirelinn :1 reduced poi" 111111 1231 111 1111 shutt 117, and having: a. hall 1 11111 11 121' to engage a cone clutch 12.? pro \ided on the shaft (17. One end of the actlr ator 122 is held against yielding by working in a guidcway 120. The other end is normally urged so as to bring the hall clutch 12-1 into engagement with the cone ch'ltch 125, by means of a spring 127. As the shaft 67 starts to rotate, the clutch 124 and 125 causes the actuator 122 to swin with the shatt (17. bringing a curved SillEtCG 128 of the actuator into engagement with an arm of the lever 1111. so as to drive the latter. \Vhcn the work put upon the actuator 122 in this way. :1 guide-block 129 comes into play to prevent the actuator from squirming away from the lever 116, and thus preventing disengagement of the clutch elements 121- and 125. After the actuator 122 has given the lever 116 a definite throw. the former escapes from the latter, permitting the latter to return under its spring 130.

In order to return the actuator 122 to its starting position after it has driven the lever 116, it comes into engagement with a cam 1111 which lirsl vi1 l1ls 11111111111 1 1 11 tension 111' :1 spring;- 1312,:11111 1111-11 1'111111 s against :1 stop hill s11 11s to positi\ 1 1 11111-1 Lh1 111'l1 111 11' 123 in the 11111 1111111 111' 1111 :1.\is 111 1111 shaft 137. so ;1s1111|i. 11 .11;- "11; 1'1 11111 111111 11111 11 121 1111111 1111 1'11111- 1 11111 11 1271. When this 11. 111 111111- plislnwl. 1111 111111113 1'111'11 111 11111 1 ,.li111i11:1te1l 1111111 the 111-111111111 132. 1111 11111111 is snapped 11 1 1.1 1 1 111111111; 13! 111111 1111 1111111 1211. 11111 11 1. 11 111111 11111111 {111111111 11111 1111111 12; will wine in 11:11-11 (11 the guide-block 1211. which guide 11111111 :11. [his point is provided with 1111 111- 1 11111 11 1 11111111 1311 so that 11111 spring 121 will force the 111-1111111111- still '1111'111111'111 its dis connected poshion, s11 1.1111! the latter 1 1111 (1111111111111 its 111111'1 1111 111 without 11111110111111 111 the 111 111111111 122. T111 1111111 1111 1 11 1251 is lo1'111e1l to cooperate with a 11111111 1371. so .1 to 11 1111 11 111 111 111111111 122 to its still-1111 1 posilion 1111111- 1111 shall UT 11111 (eased 111 111111111 s11 111111 11 will 11111111 1 111111'1 1-l11111l11 1l 111 11111 shul t '11 1'1*:11l 1111-11 siilm p ent op n: 111111. 2111 1111111 1" 12113 p1 r111i1s 1p1i1-I1 111 111111 on the 1'1111 9111'11 stiohe 111' 1111 111 111111111' 122. I111! 1111 11 11111 11 1 1111-11 111111111 on 1111 return slrolie. so 111111 1111 1 11111111 1 111111111111 1.21 111111 125 will not 11 1 11311511 until the shall (37 hns ceased its relation.

Inasmuch 11s 11111 11211111 11137 completes a cycle of slutc-conti'olling actions when it 1111111- ple1es 11. re1olutio11. i1 is desirable to return the 1111111 111111' 11- 1 at this 11111111 to a starting 111111111111 so that it will almiys he in synehronism with the state-control]ing mechanism whose ZODCS it points out. To do this.

11 1 11 11 67 is provided with :1 trip- 1111 1 1 131, which when the shaft 1 1,11i1 s to 11 home or starting position.

engages 11 1 11111 surfare 1A1; provided on the 111 111111. 121). driving the latter against 11111 11 1111 11111 of its spring. so as to 1111111111; the spring 118 to return the indicator 114: to its starting position against a stop 139. For 11 new line 111 computations or a. new cycle of computing zones. the indicator ring would then advance step by s1cp with each mlvancement 01 the state-controlling mechanism 211111 the shaft (17. This will be true even if the number of zones are changed from time to time and the shaft 67 given different extents of movement to correspond inversely with the 111111111111 of zones.

Considering hrietly the operation of the device, the tappets 26 are placed at suitable intervals along; the carriage 7 and in sulficicnt numbers requisite to give the desired number of computing zones for the sev eral computing units. The number of computing zones or columns desired is ascertained before hand according to the type of work, and the disks ('18 capable of controlling the nunrhcr of zones selected are put in position on the shaft 07. For exzunple. if nine zones are required, a disk hswing nine slots or zonal points is 11 1 1 for each computing unit. If eight zones are required, disks with each slots are used. The same is true oi' cycles of computation involving seven, six, and live zones, disks with the corresponding number oi slots being used. in all these cases, the lappet 91 is located in the proper slot in the bar 87 correspoiullug, to the number of zones to be in action. That is, it nine zones are used, it is placed so that it will give one-ninth ot' a revolution to the shaft 67, or, in other words, in the 90 slot. if eight zones are used and cigrhtslot disks, in the 90 slot, and so on, the idea being to complete a revolution of the shaft 67 at the end of a cycle of computing zones. If a lesser numher of zones than five is to be computed in, disks 68 having corresponding numbers of slots might be used. but in order to lessen the number of disks in use, some of the other disks may be used, giving the shaft 67, how ever, rotation corresponding inversely to the number of zones to be computed in. For example, it four zones are required, the eight-slot disks will he used for each computing unit. However, only every other slot will he considered a zone-determining point, and the shaft 67 be rotated a quarter of a revolution at each actuation of the general operator by placing the tappet 91 in the 90 slot. For three zones, either the nine-slot disks or the six-slot disks can be used, givingz, however, the shaft 67 a third of a revolution at each change in Zone.

Whcn the particular type of disk is decided upon corresponding to the number of zones. such zones as are to be subtracted in for any particular computing unit, will have one of the tappets placed at the zonecontrollin r point with the extension projecting? toward the left (Fig. 16). If a computing: unit is to be neutral at any particular zone, the slot corresponding to this zone in the disk of the particular unit will have a tappet 70 therein with the projection extending toward the right (Fig. 17). If, again. any particular computing unit is merely to add, there will be no tappet 70 located in the slot coming to the crucial point at the determination of a zone, so that the mechanism will neither be set for subtraction nor neutral. and hence will be ready to add.

The machine is started at the beginning of a line with the indicator 114 at the first computing zone 1 at the line of sight, which may be determined by using the detent 120 as a pointer. Inasmuch as the shaft 67 always rotates in one direction in any of the computing heads or unitswhich are to be adding or to remain neutral in the initial zone, the tappets 70 would be properly p0- sitioned to have tripped the subtraction-setting: mechanism,- or swing the articular zoimirontrollingi vane 28' to a silent position. The numeral keys are struck in the usual way typewriting the several digits of a number to be computed, which are set up either additively or subtractively in the nest of pins. The general operator is then actuated so that it runs up the computation in such of the computing units as are active.

On the Forward stroke of the general operator, the dog passes idly over the tappet 91 so as to he in a position to engage the same on the return stroke, when it will move the bar 87 a certain distance against the ten sion of the spring 88, which distance will be inversely proportional to the munber oi computing zones. As the general operator approaches the end of its return movement, carrying the dog 92 with it, the latter will be cammed by the disconnector 94- out of engagement with the tappet 91, permitting the latter with the bar 87. to return under the pull of the spring 88. It is only during the driving movement of the rack bar 87 through the dog 92 engaging the tappet 91. that the shaft 67 is advanced. This advance mcnt will bring the next active points or slots of the series of disks 68 to the line of range, where if there are any tappets 70, they may be effective on the subtraction-setting mechanism or the zone-controllingroller-silencing mechanism. It will thus be evident that at each successive operation, the general operator advances the state-com trolling! mechanism one step corresponding to one zone, so that at the end of a line of writing or a predetermined series or group of computations. the state-controlling mechanism will have completed a cycle. 7

The indicator 114 is advanced from the shaft 67 a stop every time the shaft 67 and disks carried thereby are advanced a step. The step of the indicator, however, may vary from that of the shaft 67, and merely moves a distance corresponding from one digit or zone-indicating number to another, so that at any time we may know in what zone the mechanism is operating. Inasmuch as at the end of a cycle of computing zones. the state-controlling; mechanism coni pletes a revolution. the indicator will be tripped back to its initial position with the 1 zone exhibited, by the tripper 137, so that the indicator will always be in synchronism with the state-controlling mechanism even though the indicator may not have had to go a complete IGVOlHidOH where a lesser number than nine zones were in use.

In the case of an error, .the error key 96 may he struck, which action, however, silences the drivev to v the state-controlling mechanism, so that the latter remains in state qua, whereby after the error has been eliminated, the same computation can take place as was originally intended. The error kcy simultaneously starts the general oper mar into inotion through the arm 111, so

that we are assured that if any of the com putimg units were to have subtractiul. the subtraction-setting mechanism Wlll have been re-actuated to perform such llmclions as are necessary in a complementary sulr traction operation prior to the setting up of the digits" as for exan'iple, the selling of the 9 pins. It will lie noted in an action of this type that the subtraction lappet TH remains under its pin 79, so as to maintain the subtraction key and thus the latch 4'. in its tripped position. l ndcr normal circumstances. the supplementary latch 56 catches and holds the subtraction bar 45. inasmuch as the subtraction key 52. and hence the latch 49, are not released until the general operator, near the end of its stroke. advances the sul'itrm'tion tappet from be neath its pin 72.

The general ol'ierator first clears the tan pet T0 from the subtraction mechanism and then. on conq'ileting its stroke, silences the latch 56. So that, if necessary, the mechanism of a particular computin; unit can once more be set for subtraction. that is. even or two Zones in successive subtracting zones for a particular computing unit. This is repeated for a given series of computations, for example, line after line, the stateeontrolling mechanism automatically governing the activity and character of activity of each and all of the computing units according to a predetermined sequence tor which the mechanism has been set before hand. The operative then has merely to bring into play the general operator at each computing zone. to get the requisite lfllktlllt', ter and automatic succession of varying opcrations.

Variations may be resorted to within. the scope of the invention, and portions of the im.rovements may be used Without others.

l 'laving thus described my invention, claim:

1. The combination with a computing head comprising computing wheels of a general operator for simultaneously turning said wheels, and a staterontrolling mechanism adapted to be advanced by said general operator step by step to govern the activity and character of activity of said computing head according to apredetermined plan.

2. The combination with a computing head comprising computing Wheels, of a drive for said computing head adapted to simultaneously turn said Wheels, scttable devices selectively adjustable to determine whether a ing or Subtracting in said computing head shall be effected by said drive, denomination-selecting mechanism, a general operator and mechanism operated from said generaloperator and acting to adjust said settable devices so as to, character of com utation carried on by sat etermine the iscs sa computing head and to adjust said denon1ination-sclcctinu mechanism to determine the activity thereof.

3. The combination with a computing head comprising computing wheels, of a drive for said computing head including devices adapted to turn said Wheels simul taueously. indexing mechanism for delcu mining the extent of movement of said de vices, adjusling means to determine whether the devices shall act for addition or subtraction, a general operator, and state-controlling mechanism controlled in turn from said general operator, and acting to manipu late said adjusting means so as totvary the computing character of action of said do- Vices.

4'. The combination with a con'ipntinu head including a series of coni 'mting wheels, of a drive for said con'umting head includ ing elements adapted to be driven simulta neously and always in the same direction. indexing mechanism for determining the ex tents of mowmont of the (-lenn-nt's of said drive, so that they may cli'ect either addition or :albtractiom adjusting means for said indexing mechanism to determine whether the movements shall e'li ect addition or subtractiom a general operator always effective to drive in one direction only. and a statecontrolling mechanism actuated by said general operator at each active action thereof, to be capable of operating said adjusting means So as to determine Whether the computation run into said computinghead shall be made additively or subtraclively.

5. The combination with a computing mechanism including computing wheels. indexin mechanisnn denomination-selecting mechanisnu and a general ol'iorator always ell'octive in one direction only of an auto matic state-controlling mechanism driven on the idle Stroke thereof, devices operated by said automatic mechanism for adjusting said denomination-selecting mechanism between silent and active positions, and devices also operatedvby said automatic mechanism for adjusting'said indexing mechanism to set up computations additively or subtractively.

(l. The combination with a computing mechanism including conn'mting wheels and a general operator, of statecontrolling mechanism actuated from said general operator step by step to give a predetermined sequence of states of said computing mechanism for each successive computing zone.

7. The combination with a plurality of computing units, of a general operator common to all said computing units, and statecontrolling mechanism driven from said general operator and arranged to afi'ord a predetermined sequence of concomitant states for all said. computinggunits-in a given cycle of computing operations.

S. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a computing unit, of a subtraction-setting device therefor, a spring for operating said subtraction-setting device, a bar for setting said device to subtractioma general operator for operating said unit and returning said device to addition, and a catch adapted to be set to hold said device O'l'l ttltlvtt during the idle stroke of the operator and then releasing it.

9. The combination with a plurality of computing units, each comprising computing wheels and devices on which digits are adapted to be set up, of a general operator common to said computing units to carry the set-up digits into the wheels in all the units simultaneously, and a single state-control ling mechanism for all of said computing units effective to set said computing units selectively for addition or subtraction either in agreei'ncnt with or in opposition to each other.

10. The con'ibination with a computing mechanism including one or more computing units. of a predetermined sequence statecontrolling mechanism advanced step by step under the control of said computing mechanism at. each running up of a computation in a computing unit, to determine the activity ct. computing units in successive computing zones and the state or character of computing operation of the computing units in such zones.

11. The combination with a computing mechanism including a plurality of computing units. of a general operator common to all the units, a predetermined-sequence statecontrolling mechanism advanced step by step under the control of said computing mechanism at each running up of a computation in a computing unit by said operator, to determine the activity of computing units in successive computing zones and the state or character of computing operation of the computing units in such zones, said statecontrolling mechanism including parts selectively alterahle independently for each unit to vary the predetermined sequence or order of states which it controls.

12. The combination with a computing mechanism including one or more computing units arranged to compute in successive computing zones, and a general operator, of state-controlling mechanism for deterniining the activity of the computing units for successive computing zones, and a zone indicator driven from said general operator and controlled by said state-controlling mechanism adapted to point out theparticulair zone in which a computation is being carried on at any particular moment.

13. The combination with a computing mechanism including a general. operator which at each normal operation determines a computing action for a given computing Zone, of a zone-indicator driven from said general operator and arranged to designate the particular computing zone in which a computing operation is taking plac i at any particular time.

14. The combination with a computing mechanism, of a state-controlling mechanism for governingautomatically the successive actions of said computing mechanism for :1 given cycle of computing zones, said s atecontrolling mechanism having a variable advancement according to the number of zones in a cycle of computing operations, and a zone-indicator driven from said state-controlling mechanism to advance step by step for zone For zone irrespective of the extent 0t advancement of said state-controlling mechanism for each zone.

15. The combination with a computing mechanism, of a state-control]ing mechanism for governing said computing mechanism according to a predetermined sequence of computing actions for a cycle of Cfilllputillg zones, a Zone-indicator for designating which zone in the cycle is in action at any particular time. and a differential drive tor said zone-indicator advancing the saints step by step to keep pace with the designation of the particular zones in the cycle independent of the number of zones in the cycle. which may vary.

16. The combination with a computing mechanism. of a state-controlling mechanism for governing said computing mechanism according to a predetermined sequence of computing actions for a cycle of computing zones, a zonc-indicator for designating which zone in the cycle is in action at any particular time, and a uniform-stroke drive acting on said zone-indicator and operated from said state-controlling mechanism to enable said zone-indicator to keep pace with the zones of said state-controlling mecha nism while the latter may vary in its action according to the number of zones desired in a cycle of computing operations.

17. The combination with a computing mechanism, of a state-controlling mechanism for governing said computing mechanism, a differential drive for variably advancing said state-controlling mechanism, a zoneindicator for designating the particular zone in action at any particular time, and a drive acting uniformly on said zone-indicator to advance the same zone by zone for the differential advancement of said state-controlling mechanism zone by zone.

18. The combination with a computing mechanism, of a state-controlling mechanism for governing said computing mechanism according to a predetermined sequence of computing actions for a cycle of computin r zones a zone-indicator for designating which zone in. the cycle is in action at any particular time, said SttLtG-CUlltl'Ulllfig mechanism con'ipletiug a cycle in correspondence with the number of zones desired in a cycle oi computing operations, a uniformly-acting drive for said zone-indicator adwincing the same zone by zone for diitcrential zonal advamements of said state-controlling mechanism, said zone-indicator being fixed in its capacity of zonal indication, and automatic means for synchronizing the actions of said state-ctmtrolling mechanism and said zoneindicator for each cycle of computing zones.

19. The combination with a computing mechanism, of a continuously-advancing state-controlling mechanism for said computing mechanism arranged to give a given sequence of computing operations for a cycle of computing zones, an intermittently ad vauriug zoueimlicator keeping pace with said state coutrolling mechanism to designate the particular zone in action at any given time, and automatic means for return in}: said zone-indicator to a starting position as said statecontrolling mechanism completes a cycle of zones and reaches a starting position.

520. The combination With a computing mechanism, of a zone-indicator for designating which one in a cycle of computing zones is in action at any particular time, driving means for advancing said zone-indicator step by step up to any limited number of zones desired in a cycle, and automatic means for returning said zone-indicator to a start ing position when the predetermined number of zones in the cycle has been reached.

21. The combination with a computing mechanism, of a zone-indicator for designating which zone in a cycle of computing zones is in action at any particular time, driving means for advancing said zoneindicator step by step up to any limited number of zones desired in a cycle, automatic means for returning said zone-indicator to a starting position when the predetermined number of zones in the cycle has been reached, said antomatic means comprising a spring tensioned during the advancing movement of.

said zone-indicator, a detent for said zoneindicator, and a trip for said detent.

22. The combination with a computing mechanism, of a zone-indicator for designating the particular one of a cycle of zones in action for said computing mechanism, a variably advanced member, an actuator for advancing said indicator, and connecting means automatically joining said actuator to move with said variably advanced member for a uniform period at each advancing movement of said member so as to advance said indicator always a uniform amount.

23. The combination with a comput ng mechanism, of an indicator for designating which one of a cycle of zones is in action at any pmicahrinstant, a variably advanced member. an actuator for advancing said ind irator, a. clutch for connecting said actuator with said variably advanced member, and automatic mechanism for disconnecting said actuator from said variably advanced member alter a predetermined movement there with.

24. The combination with computingmechan is: met an indicator for ind icating which zone is in action for said computing mechanism, a member having a variable advancement, an actuator for advancing said indicator uniformly, a clutch for connecting said actuator with said member, a spring normally tending to render said clutch effective, and cam ming means for silencing said clutchafter a predetermined movement of said actuator With said member.

The combination with a computing mechanism, of a zone-indicator for designating which one of a series of zones is in action in the actions oi said computing mechanism, a pawl-aud-ratchet mechanism for advancint said zoneindicator. an actuator for said pawl-and-ratchet mechanisi'n, a member for driving said actuator, a clutch for connecting said actuator with said member, a spring tending to cause said clutch to act, a cam for silencing said clutch after a predetermined'movement of said actuator with said member, and guiding means for enabling said clutch to act for a subsequent operation of said member.

26. The combination with a computing mechanism, of a zone-indicator for designating which zone of a particular cycle of computing zones is in action at any given time, an actuator for advancing said zone'indicator zone by zone, a variably driven member having at times a greater advancement or movement than necessary to advance said indicator for one zone, and automatic mechanism for connecting and disconnecting said actuator to and from said member so that said actuator will have a movement merely adequate to advance said indicator for one zone.

27. The combination with a computing mechanism including a general operator, of a state-controlling mechanism for said computing mechanism, and av differential driving connection between said general operator and said state-controlling mechanism whereby said state-controlling mechanism may be driven from said general operator during but a portion of the movement thereof.

28. The combination with a computing mechanism including a general operator, of a state-controlling mechanism for governing zone by zone the character of action of said computing mechanism, and a variably driving connection between said general operator and said state-controlling mechanism adjustable to advance said state-controlling mechanism difierent amounts for the camctype cf:

action of said general operator and for dil ferent numbers of zones in a cycle of computing operations.

29. The combination with a computing mcchanisl'n including a general operator, of a state-controlling mechanism for governing the action of said computing mechanism including a shaft, and a. driving connection between said general operator and said statecontrolling mechanism including a gear on said shaft, a rack bar driving said gear, and a single-acting pawl. connected to said general operator for driving said rack bar on one stroke of said general operator.

30. The combination with a computing mechanism including a general operator, of a state-controlling mechanism for governing said computing mechanism for a cycle of computing zones, and driving connections for advancing said state-controlling mechanism Zone by zone for successive operations of said genera] operator including a driving member, a tappet adjustable to various points along said driving member, and a pawl on said general operator for engaging said tappet to operate said driving member variable distances according to the position of said tappet.

31. The combination With a computing mechanism including a general operator, of a. state-controlling mechanism for governing the action of said computing mechanism according to a predetermined sequence of operations for a cycle of computing zones, and a variable drive connection between said general operator and said state-controlling mechanism including a tappet adjustable to various positions to vary the extent of advancement of said state-controlling mechaanism for an operation of said general oporator.

32. The combination With a computing mechanism including a general operator, of a state-controlling mechanism for governing the computing operations of said computing ,mechanism for a cycle of computing zones,

and connections between said state-controlling mechanism and said general operator enforcing the concomitant completion of a cycle of computing operations of said computing mechanism by said general operator, and a cycle of state-controlling actions for a cycle of zones by said state-controlling mechanism.

33. The combination with a computing mechanism including a general operator, of a state-controlling mechanism for governing the computing operations of said computing mechanism for a cycle of computing zones, and connections between said state-controlling mechanism and said general operator enforcing the concomitant completion of a cycle of computing operations of said computing mechanism by said general operator, and a cycle of state-controlling actions for a cycle of zones by said state -controlling mechanism, said connections being variable to correspond With a variation in the numher of computing zones desired in a cycle.

34-. The combination with a computing mechanism including a device settablc to cause it to subtract, oi a general operator for said computing mechanism adapted to reset said device so that addition will be of- Fccted. an error lwy for eliminating a. false manipulation of said romputing mechanism, and connections for enabling said error key to*aul'onnitically start said general operator into motion at an actuation of said error key.

35. The combination with a computing mechanism including a device seltable to on use it to subtract, of a general operator for said coml'iuting mechanism, adapted to reset said device so that addition will be effected, an error key for eliminating a false manipulation of said computing mechanism, a. mot or for driving said general operator, and automatic connections crmtrollahle from said error key for causing a drivin aclion of said general operator by said motor at an actuation of said error key.

36. The combination with a computing mechanism including settablc digit pins, of a device for resettingyaid pins, a bar op erahle to cause the pins to be set to effect subtraction, a motor for effecting computations by the set pins and adapted to restore said bar, so that addition will be effected, keys for setting said pins, and an error key for simultaneously resetting said pins and starting the motor.

37 The combination with a computing mechanism including settable digit pins, of a device for resetting said pins, a bar operable to cause the pins to be set to efl'ect subtraction, a motor for effecting computations and adapted to restore said bar, so that addition will be effected, keys for settinrr said pins, an error key for simultaneously resetting said pins and starting the motor, a. state-setting device, a connection whereby said motor drives said state-setting device, and means for disabling said connection by operation of said error key.

38. The combination With computing mechanism including a device settuble to cause it to subtract, of a motor for drivin said computing mechanism, a general operator through which said driving is effected, said operator adapted to reset said device so that addition will be effected, error-correding mechanism for said computing mechanism, a normally-open clutch between said motor and said computing mechanism, a pin for maintaining said clutch open and inactive, and a trip for said in operable from said errorcorrectin medhanism to start the operator to reset sai device.

39. The combination with con'iputing mechanism, of state-controlling mechanism for varying the computing action of said computmg mechanism for a series of computin zones, error-correcting mechanism for said com mting mechanism, and connections rend ering said statecontrolling mechanism controllable from said error-correcting mechanism.

40. The combination with one or more computing units, of a general operator for said computin units, error'correcting mechanism for computing units, state-controlling mechanism for governing said computin mechanism according to a predetermine cycle, driving means operable from said general operator for advancing said state-controlling mechanism at an actuation of said general operator, and silencing means dominated by said erroncorrecting mechanism for preventing an advancing of said state-controlling mechanism at the time of an action of said error-correcting nicch anism.

4l. The combination with a plurality of computing units, of a state-ci'mtrol shaft for determining how said units shall effect computations and adapted to be rotated in variable fractions, an indicator on said shaft, a pawl for driving said indicator, a lever on said shaft for driving said pawl, a clutch between the lever and the shaft, and means for making the clutch effective and ineffective to cause the lever to give a uniform throw to the pawl irrespective of the fraction through which the shaft turns.

42. The combination with one or more computing units, of a general operator for said computing units, state-controlling mechanism for said computing units, advancing means for said state-controlling mechanism operating at the actuation of said general operator, and silencing means for said ad vancing means efi'ective to ermit an ineffectual action of said generall operator with regard to said state-controlling mechanism.

43. The combination with one or more computing units, of a general operator for said computing units, state-controlling mechanism for governing the character of com putation carried on by said computing units according to a predetermined sequence, connections for advancing said state-controlling mechanism with the operation of said gen eral operator, a hand lever for silencing said connections so as to revent an advancement of said state-control ing mechanism with an actuation of said general operator, and error-correcting mechanism for said computing units connected to silence said connec tions so as to prevent an advancement of said statecontrolling mechanism.

44. The combination with [a computing mechanism, of state-controlling mechanism for said computin mechanism including a revoluble shaft, dis s adapted to be mounted on said shaft and adapted to be peripherally divisible into zonal points according to the number of zones desired in a cycle of computing operations governed by said statecontrollinr mechanism, and driving means for said sliaft adjustable to fraclionally ro tate the same inversely as the number of computing zones desired in a cycle of computing operations.

l5. l he con'ibiuation with a computing mechanism, of a state-controlling mecha nism for said computing mechanism, a driving member for advancing said state-controlling mcchanism, a tappet on said driving member adjustable at various points therealong awording to the extent of advance ment of said state-controlling mechanism desired, and a dog i -lngaging said tappel to operate said driving member.

if The combimution with a rolnp tiug nu-chanism, of a slatewontrolling mechani: m for said computing mechanism, a driving member for advancing said stall-wontrolling mechanism. a tappct on said driving mew" ber adjustable at various points thcrealong according to the extent of advancement of said state-controlling mechanism desired, a dog engaging said tappct to operate said driving member, and silencing means for holding said dog clear of said tappet to prevent an advancing movement of said statecontrollil'ig mechanism.

47. The combination with a computing mechanism, of a stat-e eontrolling anecha nism for said computing mechanism, a driv' ing member for said state-(controlling mechanism, a one-way-acting connection between said driving member and said state-controh lingniechanism, a spring for operating said driving member in one direction. and a one Way-acting dog and tappet for actuating said driving member in the omoositc di rec tion.

48. The combination with a computing mechanism,-of a Pitate-conltrollin; meclha nisn'i for said computing mechanism, a driving member for said statc-controlling mechanism, a enemas-acting connection between said driving member and said state-control ling mechanism, a spring for operating sai d driving member in one direction, a, one-way acting dog and tappet for actuating said driving member in the opposite direction. and means for tripping said dog and tappet from each other after a predetermined move ment of said driving member.

49. The combination with a computing mechanism, of a statecontrolling mechanism for said computing mechanism, and driving means for said state-controlling mechanism including a bar having positioning points at fractional intervals of the 1n0ve-- ment of said bar from one ninth to the 

